Species Information
The Pyrobaculum aerophilum str. IM2 genome is 2.22 Million bp long and contains approximately 2706
predicted genes. P. aerophilum is a hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon which was isolated from a boiling marine hole at Martoni Beach, Italy. It grows optimally at 100 C, either in the presence of low amounts of oxygen or anaerobically. It is remarkable for being able to utilize five different oxidants in respiration: oxygen, nitrate, arsenate, selenate, iron (III), and thiosulfate. The genome was sequenced and annotated as the PhD project of Sorel Fitz-Gibbon, a student in Jeffrey Miller's lab.
Taxonomy: Archaea; Crenarchaeota; Thermoprotei; Thermoproteales; Thermoproteaceae; Pyrobaculum.
Sequencing: The sequence was released Dec 2001 by the UCLA/CalTech, and was described in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:984-9 (2002) Fitz-Gibbon ST, Ladner H, Kim UJ, Stetter KO, Simon MI, et al.."Genome sequence of the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum." Abstract: We determined and annotated the complete 2.2-megabase genome sequence of Pyrobaculum aerophilum, a facultatively aerobic nitrate-reducing hyperthermophilic (T(opt) = 100 degrees C) crenarchaeon. Clues were found suggesting explanations of the organism's surprising intolerance to sulfur, which may aid in the development of methods for genetic studies of the organism. Many interesting features worthy of further genetic studies were revealed. Whole genome computational analysis confirmed... [Click above reference link for full abstract]
Isolation: Appl Environ Microbiol 59:2918-26 (1993) Volkl P, Huber R, Drobner E, Rachel R, Burggraf S, et al. "Pyrobaculum aerophilum sp. nov., a novel nitrate-reducing hyperthermophilic archaeum." Abstract: A novel rod-shaped hyperthermophilic archaeum has been isolated from a boiling marine water hole at Maronti Beach, Ischia, Italy. It grew optimally at 100 degrees C and pH 7.0 by aerobic respiration as well as by dissimilatory nitrate reduction, forming dinitrogen as a final product. Organic and inorganic compounds served as substrates during aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Growth was inhibited by elemental sulfur. The cell wall was composed of a surface layer of hexameric protein... [Click above reference link for full abstract]
Sequenced related species/strains: Caldivirga maquilingensis IC-167, Pyrobaculum arsenaticum DSM 13514, Pyrobaculum calidifontis JCM 11548, Pyrobaculum islandicum DSM 4184, Thermoproteus neutrophilus V24Sta, Thermofilum pendens Hrk 5, Thermoproteus tenax
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